The Place and Role of Open Digital Education Resources in General Education

Abstract

Open educational resources (OER) have become a critical driver of democratizing access to knowledge in contemporary education systems. They provide learners regardless of geographical location, socio-economic background or institutional affiliation with the opportunity to engage in self-directed learning and professional development. However, the creation of high-quality OER demands methodological literacy, appropriate technological solutions and collaboration between multiple professional actors.This article explores conceptual foundations, development trends and technological requirements associated with building OER for general education. Based on the analysis of international practices, public initiatives and UN recommendations, the study identifies key global trends shaping the OER landscape: mass online learning, MOOC expansion, open licensing, collaborative content production, and the application of emerging intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence and data analytics.A seven-stage development algorithm for OER was systematized, including needs analysis, audience profiling, content design, resource formalization, verification and testing, dissemination, and continuous updating. The research also provides a role-based model demonstrating the involvement of instructors, instructional designers, multimedia developers and content authors at different stages of OER creation. The study emphasizes that ensuring accessibility, inclusivity and interoperability requires adherence to internationally recognized standards, including SCORM, IMS Global, IEEE LTSC, Creative Commons and others.The findings highlight that well-designed OER not only expand educational access but also improve instructional quality, enhance learner autonomy and stimulate innovation in teaching practices. The developed framework may serve as a methodological basis for designing new courses and educational manuals, as well as for training authors and developers working with digital educational ecosystems.

Keywords: Open education, e-learning, electronic publications, MOOC.