To the question of the formation of the reading culture of modern schoolchildren

Abstract

The article is devoted to the stages of the formation of the reader's culture, reader's activity and the patterns of transition from situational to contextual speech, i.e. developing the young reader's ability to turn the content contained in the text into his own personal experience: comprehending and reflecting on written texts, developing knowledge and opportunities for active participation in society.
The article's goal is to generalize the didactic and methodological experience of schoolchildren's development of a reading culture in conjunction with the establishment of methodological foundations for the stages of reader ontogenesis, which will transform the educational text's contents into the reader's (listener's) own personal, semantic, cognitive, and creative experiences.
The proposed approaches to the development of reading activity and increasing the reader's experience are tested in the course of teaching the discipline "Russian Language and Literature", the implementation of the course "Reading Literacy" ("Oku sauattylygy") for students in grades 7-11 of the Almaty Regional Physics and Mathematics Lyceum for gifted children named after . Sh. Smagulova.
The study of the vocabulary of the moral thematic group is based on the material of the spiritual and moral concept of Abay "Adam Bol". Text-exercises of the course "Reader's literacy" ("Oku sauattylygy") are focused on the development of the necessary basic structures of reading activity in older students: the ability to distinguish between verbally and non-verbally expressed semantic elements; to distinguish between true and false, certain and indefinite messages provoking false hypotheses; compare the contextual meaning and subtext meaning of polysemantic words; the ability to highlight and compare the content and artistic features of the text; achieve a deep and conscious reading of a work of literature and the deep meaning laid down by the author; to recreate a complete picture of the events described in the work.
Key words: reader culture, teaching methods, active reading, reader's diary, questioning, integral personality, spiritual development, high school students.