Integration of Digital Platforms into the Development of Tests for National exams: Identifying Trends and Recommendations

Abstract

The study analyzes the potential of digital transformation of the processes of developing test assignments for the national examination systems of Kazakhstan (UNT, CT, KAZTEST) and it identifies the key limitations of current practices. Despite the introduction of computer-based testing and individual digital solutions (proctoring, electronic certificates), the critical stage of creating and examining assignments remains predominantly manual, which reduces the effectiveness, scalability, validity and security of tests. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory framework and empirical data, the need for the introduction of a specialized digital platform automating the entire life cycle of a test assignment — from generation using cognitive models and templates (AIG) to expertise, adjustments, variability and analytics.

The compliance of the proposed solution with international standards (AERA, APA, NCME) and the requirements of the Bologna process is noted. Despite the high readiness of universities for implementation (80.5%), the main barriers were identified: insufficient technical infrastructure, financial constraints and organizational resistance. The strategic importance of the platform for improving the quality, transparency and trust in the assessment system in the context of the digital transformation of education is emphasized. The survey involved 206 respondents who agreed to participate in the study. The empirical study in the form of a survey covered 22 universities in Kazakhstan.The article will be useful for educational policy makers, testing specialists, IT developers, researchers, as well as representatives of universities and international organizations interested in upgrading assessment systems.

Key words: national examination systems, digital transformation of education, automation of test item development, validity and reliability of testing, digital assessment platform, automatic item generation (AIG)