Development of Schools and Pedagogical Thought in Nakhchivan in the XIX-XX centuries

Abstract

In the article is discussed the development of schools and pedagogical thought in Nakhchivan at
the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The capitalist system of economic management significantly
influenced the development of Nakhchivan culture in the late XIXth and earlyXXth centuries. In historical
retrospect, it is established that in Nakhchivan, which is now an integral part of Azerbaijan, special
attention was always paid to education and the development of the education system in the XIXth-early
XXth centuries was taken care of.The historical review shows that before gaining autonomy, new types
of urban schools and educational institutions were already established in Nakhchivan. At the beginning
of the XXth century, the development of education and science was experiencing its dawn. During
this period, an extensive network of the Nakhchivan education system was created, and children were
involved in the educational system. There were new approaches and new pedagogical trends in the
field of education, the national intellectuals made an irreplaceable contribution to the development of
pedagogical and educational ideas. The article presents the personalities of the national intellectuals who
contributed to the creation of new schools. The representatives of the national intellectuals as progressive
ones contributed to the formation of national unity and national identity, the development of the
national school, and the involvement of women in the education system. A special feature of the time
is learning the Arabic alphabet, and compiling textbooks and manuals based on the native language of
Azerbaijan. Special attention is paid to the contribution of the Gori and Yerevan teachers ‘ seminaries to
the training of teachers.
Key words: Autonomy, Nakhchivan, school, pedagogical thought, education.